Dr Jay GreensteinDr Jay GreensteinFounder, EMBODI Health and Kaizo Health Group

whatman 2012 - physiotherapist agreement when visually rating mov quality durin lower ext screen

PDF · 28 Jan 2026

This 2012 research article (Whatman, Hing, Hume) evaluates physiotherapists’ visual agreement when rating movement quality during four lower extremity functional tests (small knee bend, single-leg small knee bend, lunge, hop lunge) from anterior-view video. Six healthy participants’ videos were rated by 44 physiotherapists across three experience levels (Inexperienced, Novice, Experienced) using two rating approaches (Overall, Segment) and two scales (Dichotomous, Ordinal) on two occasions; agreement was assessed with overall percentage agreement and the first-order agreement coefficient (AC1). Key findings: intra-rater AC1 ranged ~0.01–0.96 (slight to almost perfect) and was higher for experienced raters and dichotomous ratings; inter-rater AC1 ranged ~0.22–0.71 (fair to good) and was also better with dichotomous scales but less clearly affected by experience.

Questions this document answers

Six (4 female); mean age 22 ± 3 yrs, height 170 ± 9 cm, weight 67 ± 15 kg.

Forty-four physiotherapists: Inexperienced (14 fourth-year students), Novice (18 postgrad students, mean 4 ± 2 years experience), Experienced (12 clinicians, 15 ± 4 years experience, all with postgraduate musculoskeletal qualifications).

Small knee bend (SKB), Single leg small knee bend (dominant leg), Lunge (dominant leg), Hop lunge (dominant leg).

Intra-rater: OPA 29–96%, AC1 0.01–0.96. Inter-rater: OPA 45–79%, AC1 0.22–0.71.

Received 8 November 2010; revised 25 June 2011; accepted 5 July 2011.

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