dysbiosis - its causes and consequences
A slide-style review by Dr Jason A. Hawrelak (Probiotic Advisor) summarizing dysbiosis: a defined alteration of the intestinal microbiota (qualitative/quantitative changes, metabolic activity or distribution) that harms the host. The document catalogs gastrointestinal and extra‑intestinal diseases associated with dysbiosis, details major dietary drivers (sulfites/sulfates, high protein—especially animal—high fat, ketogenic/carnivore/SAD/high-sugar patterns), food additives (artificial sweeteners, emulsifiers), medications and medical interventions (antibiotics, PPIs, NSAIDs, chemotherapy, metformin, antipsychotics, statins, radiotherapy), environmental chemicals, stress, and certain natural medicines (berberine, citrus seed extract). It cites human and animal studies showing rapid microbiota shifts (e.g., within 24 hours on an animal-based diet) and long-lasting antibiotic effects (months–years), and presents the “disappearing microbiota” hypothesis as a framework for modern loss of ancestral commensals.
Questions this document answers
"qualitative and quantitative changes in the intestinal flora, their metabolic activities or their local distribution that produces harmful effects on the host"